How should I react if my mom’s therapist is brainwashing her into AA?

Dear Dr. Peele,

Thank you very much for your informative website.

My question concerns a very annoying Al-Anon therapist of whom my mother is a client. What goes on in their therapy sessions is not really my business, nor am I going to say anything to either of them. But my mom has become a slave to the therapist as far as her relationship with me. She randomly came up with ideas like "tough love" when I drank in the past. I quit drinking entirely almost a year ago, but I don’t think that’s such a huge accomplishment simply because my problems with substance use never got out of hand. I do avoid social situations involving alcohol, but that’s out of common sense more than anything else.

Now, my mom tries to cite "addictive behavior" in everything from my college studies to friendly relationships. She also keeps saying, "you really can’t do it alone, and that’s a fact." If I ask her where this stuff is coming from, inevitably she says "Betty (the therapist) told me all about alcoholism." Last month I finally joined my mom for a therapy session for the first time. I had never spoken to Betty before, even though she seemed to have a lot to say about me prior to ever meeting me.

The session didn’t go that badly, but I did press one issue; I wanted to know if she belonged to AA or a group of that sort. She was offended, but she did admit that she was a member of Al-Anon and her ex-husband was an alcoholic, which is the reason she joined.

I guess this woman is entitled to give out whatever information she chooses to an extent. But I wondered if her constant suggestions to my mother to attend Al-Anon, and her recitation of Al-Anon principles, might be a violation of professional ethics. She is not a Ph.D. or an MSW, I believe she does have an LCSW though. It almost seems like she wants me to go out drinking so that I would join AA. I know, in all probability, she isn’t really doing anything that violates her rights to professionally conduct psychotherapy. Nor do I take what she says seriously, or blame her for any of my own personal/family problems. I do believe, though, that she is brainwashing my mother, and probably just trying to recruit people to join 12 step groups.

Sorry for such a long note…thanks again for your informative website.

Karen

Dear Karen:

What can I say? Your letter is well-written and right on target. You would think it is a professional violation to lay your trip on someone else — but it’s hard to do make this stick. It is true, though, that you need to regard this as a problem between you and your mom (as you indicate). At the same time, I very much admire you for going directly to the source, and confronting this therapist (even though you seemed to keep your cool and participate in a productive interchange). You seem very much together, and you might have to view this as your mother’s idiosyncrasy. Fortunately, it does not seem that your mother had any other power over you than to hector you. In that regard, I hope you had a good reason to stop drinking.

Best,
Stanton

Stanton Peele has been investigating, thinking, and writing about addiction since 1969. His first bombshell book, “Love and Addiction”, appeared in 1975. Its experiential and environmental approach to addiction revolutionized thinking on the subject by indicating that addiction is not limited to narcotics, or to drugs at all, and that addiction is a pattern of behavior and experience which is best understood by examining an individual’s relationship with his/her world. This is a distinctly nonmedical approach. It views addiction as a general pattern of behavior that nearly everyone experiences in varying degrees at one time or another.

Once you have made the decision to get help for you or a loved ones addiction, please contact us at http://www.stgregoryctr.com/help.php for FAST, Confidential drug rehabilitation.

Please remember, 12 step programs do not work, they never have, by their own admission they have a 0% recovery rate because they believe every alcoholic is an alcoholic for the rest of their lives, how is THAT recovery?

St. Gregory’s is a NON 12 step program and we are one of the only drug & alcohol treatment center that continues to contact EVERY member even after they have left our clinics, this is one reason for our fantastic success rate in treating alcohol and drug addictions! 

Think drug rehab is just for movie stars and politicians?  think again, we offer competitive rates,  we accept most insurance, female only and male only treatment centers, onsite and offsite locations and a confidential safe environment with highly trained, confidential staff members.

PLEASE visit us today, it just might save a life. http://www.stgregoryctr.com/help.php

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therapist code of ethics,  therapist confidentiality, therapist guide to clinical intervention

Obama Blows His Presidency — Top Ten Health Care Reforms He Won’t Do

For the first time in memory, Bill O’Reilly, arch Fox conservative, and Chris Matthews, arch MSNBC liberal, reacted the same to an event — both found that Barack Obama failed entirely to explain his plans for health care reform in his televised press conference.

And virtually all commentators noted the same flaw in the Obama presentation and explanation — he’s afraid to tell Americans that — well, remember that old sign: "You can have it cheaper, better, and more of it — but not all at the same time"?

I watched the sacrificial Democrat (you know, the one labeled "Democratic strategist" sandwiched between two nuts like the host himself on one of those Hannity panels) who intoned: "Health care reform will maintain current coverages, give access to everyone, and save money." You can see why Hannity selected her — to make the nuts look reasonable!

But Obama, David Axelrod, Rahm Emanuel — and the entire Republican leadership — are just as bad. Ask them what will have to be sacrificed, and they (the Dems) indicate "Nothing — just a few millionaires will pay more taxes." And, oh, there is one health care player Obama is willing to punish — insurers (even pharmaceutical manufacturers escape his opprobrium).

Republicans, as usual, are living in some other time and place. Their claim? "American health care is the best in the world. We’ll reduce the costs with tort reform, and give everyone greater access by incentivizing (a popular Obama term) private coverage."

Oh, and both sides will eliminate waste, duplication, and fraud. That should save a trillion or two right there!

Here are the top ten health care reforms neither side will propose:

1. Means test Social Security and Medicare
2. Pay only for effective treatments
3. Channel patients to providers who accept a prix-fixe pay schedule
4. "Incentivize" individual care choices (i.e., make people pay for more of what they use)
5. Tax employer health care benefits as income
6. Make managed care de rigeur
7. Mandate that every American must have health care coverage
8. Favor treatment for the young and fixable over the old and incurable
9. Eliminate private insurance
10. Put Obama’s birth certificate on the back of the one dollar bill (oops, wrong post!)

Failing to do these things will not produce better care for more people at lower prices. Rather, it will mean a diminishing group will receive unlimited (but but not necessarily effective) treatment costing everyone more.

And Barack Obama is just too nice a guy, too good a politician, and too reluctant to give people bad news to blow the whistle on this three-card monte — or, better, Ponzi — scheme. You know, the kind of deal where you collect more and more money for an unsustainable and unproductive enterprise until the entire house of cards collapses?

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Get this and other drug rehab and addiction information from http://www.stgregorycrt.com if you or a loved one is suffering from chemical addiction, my heart goes out to you. PLEASE take a moment to watch this short video, it just might save a life. http://www.stgregoryctr.com/help.php

(non 12 step, alternative to 12 step programs, non religious treatment center)

The Cycle of Addiction

No one intends to become a drug addict or alcoholic. Our experiences show that the drug addict or alcoholic was usually an intelligent and often creative person with much hope for the future.

However, they were unable to deal effectively with life’s problems and turned to drugs or alcohol as a means of dealing with unwanted situations.

The person usually takes drugs because they attempt to compensate for some personal deficiency or life situation. They may be depressed, in pain or incapable of dealing with a loss of a loved one or extreme circumstance. It could also be as simple as a need to fit in and make friends, or a way to lose weight. Regardless of the reason, the person begins to seek "help" in the form of drugs or alcohol.

Drugs are essentially a pain-killer. They lessen emotional and physical pain and provide the user with a temporary escape from problems. When a person is unable to cope with something in life and take drugs as a result, they feel they have found a way to deal with the problem.

The more a person uses drugs or excessive alcohol, the worse the problem becomes. So they continue the “solution” for their problems, more drugs. Soon new problems are created by drug use. The person feels the need to use consistently, and will do anything to get high.

They are now addicted. They become difficult to communicate with, withdrawn and begin to exhibit the strange behavior associated with being on drugs. The more the person uses to try to counter this effect, the more desperate he becomes.

Their use begins to affect their personal relationships, their job, their bank account, and anything of previous value to the addict. Now the person’s entire focus becomes centered on using drugs and getting more drugs, regardless of the cost. They sacrifice everything to avoid the pain of withdrawal, the guilt of what they have done and the problems they have been running from.

At this point, the average drug user does one of three things:

1. Continues using drugs and becomes more and more lost, unhealthy and degraded until he eventually becomes homeless or dead.

 

2. Gets arrested for some drug-related activity and goes to jail or prison.

 

3. Attempt to quit drugs in any one of a variety of ways. He may try to stop on his own, or go to a drug addiction treatment center or program. Sadly, the success rate of traditional treatment is not high and most addicts continue to relapse. This destroys the addict’s confidence and leads him to feel he will remain a slave to drugs forever.

HOWEVER, there is a way out…..

Once you have made the decision to get help for you or a loved ones addiction, please contact us at http://www.stgregoryctr.com/help.php for FAST, Confidential drug rehabilitation.

Please remember, 12 step programs do not work, they never have, by their own admission they have a 0% recovery rate because they believe every alcoholic is an alcoholic for the rest of their lives, how is THAT recovery?

St. Gregory’s is a NON 12 step program and we are one of the only drug & alcohol treatment center that continues to contact EVERY member even after they have left our clinics, this is one reason for our fantastic success rate in treating alcohol and drug addictions! 

Think drug rehab is just for movie stars and politicians?  think again, we offer competitive rates,  we accept most insurance, female only and male only treatment centers, onsite and offsite locations and a confidential safe environment with highly trained, confidential staff members.

PLEASE visit us today, it just might save a life. http://www.stgregorycrt.com

In medical terminology, an addiction is a chronic neurobiologic disorder that has genetic, psychosocial, and environmental dimensions and is characterized by one of the following: the continued use of a substance despite its detrimental effects, impaired control over the use of a drug (compulsive behavior), and preocupation with a drug’s use for non-therapeutic purposes (i.e. craving the drug). Addiction is often accompanied the presence of deviant behaviors (for instance stealing money and forging prescriptions) that are used to obtain a drug.

Tolerance to a drug and physical dependence are not defining characteristics of addiction, although they typically accompany addiction to certain drugs. Tolerance is a pharmacologic phenomenon where the dose of a medication needs to be continually increase in order to maintain its desired effects. For instance, individuals with severe chronic pain taking opiate medications (like morphine) will need to continually increase the dose in order to maintain the drug’s analgesic (pain-relieving) effects. Physical dependence is also a pharmacologic property and means that if a certain drug is abruptly discontinued, an individual will experience certain characteristic withdrawal signs and symptoms. Many drugs used for therapeutic purposes produce withdrawal symptoms when abruptly stopped, for instance oral steroids, certain antidepressants, benzodiazepines, and opiates.

However, common usage of the term addiction has spread to include psychological dependence. In this context, the term is used in drug addiction and substance abuse problems, but also refers to behaviors that are not generally recognized by the medical community as problems of addiction, such as compulsive overeating.

The term addiction is also sometimes applied to compulsions that are not substance-related, such as problem gambling and computer addiction. In these kinds of common usages, the term addiction is used to describe a recurring compulsion by an individual to engage in some specific activity, despite harmful consequences, as deemed by the user himself to his or her

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This list is in no particular order.  It is meant to help you understand the language and lingo of the drug world to better enable you to keep tabs on what your children are talking about if they are into drugs.

Some of these words, comments and phrases come right from the mouths of people who either have been or are still drug users.

Ketamine

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SLANG TERMS FOR KETAMINE: Blind Squid, Breakfast Cereal, Cat Valium, Date Rape Drug, Green, K, Keller, Keller’s Day, Ket, Ketaject, Ketalar, Kit Kat, New Ecstasy, Psychedelic Heroin, Purple, Special-K, Special la coke, Super Acid, Super-C, Super-K, Vitamin K.

Ketamine (ketamine hydrochloride) is a central nervous system depressant that produces a rapid-acting dissociative effect. It was developed in the 1970s as a medical anesthetic for both humans and animals. Ketamine is often mistaken for cocaine or crystal methamphetamine because of a similarity in appearance (NCADI, 2000).

Ketamine is available in tablet, powder, and liquid form. So powerful is the drug that, when injected, there is a risk of losing motor control before the injection is completed. In powder form, the drug can be snorted or sprinkled on tobacco or marijuana and smoked (Partnership for a Drug-Free America, 2000). The effects of Ketamine last from 1 to 6 hours, and it is usually 24–48 hours before the user feels completely “normal” again.

Cocaine

SLANG TERMS FOR COCAINE: badrock, bazooka, beam, berni, bernice, big C, blast, blizzard, blow, blunt, bouncing powder, bump, C, cabello, caine, candy, caviar, charlie, chicken scratch, coca, cocktail, coconut, coke, cola, damablanca, dust, flake, flex, florida snow, foo foo, Freeze, g-rock, goofball, happy dust, happy powder, happy trails, heaven, king, lady, lady caine, late night, line, mama coca, marching dust/powder, mojo, monster, mujer, nieve, nose, nose candy, p-dogs, Peruvian, powder, press, prime time, rush, shot, sleighride, sniff, snort, snow, snowbirds, soda, speedball, sporting, stardust, sugar, sweet stuff, toke, trails, white lady, white powder, yeyo, zip

Cocaine is a crystalline tropane alkaloid that is obtained from the leaves of the coca plant. It is both a stimulant of the central nervous system and an appetite suppressant, giving rise to what has been described as a euphoric sense of happiness and increased energy. It is most often used recreationally for this effect. Cocaine is a potent central nervous system stimulant. Its effects can last from 20 minutes to several hours, depending upon the dosage of cocaine taken, purity, and method of administration. The initial signs of stimulation are hyperactivity, restlessness, increased blood pressure, increased heart rate and euphoria. The euphoria is sometimes followed by feelings of discomfort and depression and a craving to experience the drug again. Sexual interest and pleasure can be amplified. Side effects can include twitching, paranoia, and impotence, which usually increases with frequent usage.

The cocaine arrived and we agreed to use it at a time that translated to three and a half hours after I arrived. It cost $60 for what I was told was an eighth of a gram. This seemed rather expensive, but I was assured that it was ‘high quality product.’ I took the line up my left nostril. After about ninety seconds, I felt my heartbeat increase. It was definitely kicking in. I began to worry a bit, as I could feel my heart pounding and my pulse increasing. I finally felt as if it had reached a plateau. My heartbeat became level, albeit still very high. Many people say that one feels euphoria – being invincible and/or the desire to clean the house. I did not feel either of these (and I did remember to think about these things). For me, the positive effects of cocaine came directly from knowing that I had reached a plateau and I was going to be fine. I felt invigorated, yet also very comfortable.

Crack Cocaine

SLANG TERMS FOR CRACK: ball, base, beat, bisquits, bones, boost, boulders, brick, bump, cakes, casper, chalk, cookies, crack, crumbs, cubes, fatbags, freebase, gravel, hardball, hell, kibbles n’ bits, kryptonite, love, moonrocks, nuggets, onion, pebbles, piedras, piece, ready rock, roca, rock(s), rock star, Scotty, scrabble, smoke house, stones, teeth, tornado

Crack cocaine, often nicknamed “crack”, is believed to have been created and made popular during the early 1980s . Because of the dangers for manufacturers of using ether to produce pure freebase cocaine, producers began to omit the step of removing the freebase precipitate from the ammonia mixture. Typically, filtration processes are also omitted. Baking soda is now most often used as a base rather than ammonia for reasons of lowered odor and toxicity; however, any weak base can be used to make crack cocaine. When commonly “cooked” the ratio is 1:1 to 2:3 parts cocaine/bicarbonate.

As I held the smoke in for a ten count and exhaled, I thought I felt nothing except a little excitement that was neither bad nor pleasurable. The complete rush some writers have called a ‘whole-body orgasm’ hit me shortly after and I distinctly remember demanding ‘more’ as soon as the realization of heaven-on-earth came. Some people say that the effects of smoking crack lasts 10-15 minutes. For me, it was just a shortest instant of gratification. Everything afterwards was just a great increase in energy and confidence geared towards obtaining more of the drug.

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OxyContin

SLANG TERMS FOR OxyContin Killers, OC, Oxy, OxyCotton, Oxy80 (referring to the 80 mg tablet

OxyContin (oxycodone HCI controlled-release) is the brand name for an opioid analgesic — a narcotic. Oxycodone is the narcotic ingredient found in Percoset (oxycodone and acetaminophen) and Percodan (oxycodone and aspirin). OxyContin is used to treat pain that is associated with arthritis, lower back conditions, injuries, and cancer. It is approved for the treatment of moderate to severe pain that requires treatment for more than a few days and available by prescription only

Most commonly seen in tablet form. These round pills come in 10mg, 20mg, 40mg, 80mg and 160mg dosages. (Purdue no longer manufactures the 160 mg tablet) OxyContin also comes in capsule or liquid form

The most serious risk associated with opioids, including OxyContin, is respiratory depression. Common opioid side effects are constipation, nausea, sedation, dizziness, vomiting, headache, dry mouth, sweating, and weakness. OxyContin is oxycodone in a sustained release form and that is why the tablet should not be broken.

   Taking broken, chewed, or crushed, tablets could lead to the rapid release and absorption of a potentially toxic dose of oxycodone. Reports indicate that hundreds of people have died after overdosing in this fashion, usually as a result of acute pulmonary

A range of negative health consequences associated with OxyContin abuse have lifelong implications, including malnutrition, skin infections, and an increased risk of Hepatitis C and other infections.

   Chronic use of OxyContin use will result in increased tolerance to the drug in which higher doses of the medication must be taken to receive the initial effect. Over time, OxyContin will be come physically addictive, causing a person to experience withdrawal symptoms when the drug is not present. Symptoms of withdrawal include restlessness, muscle and bone pain, insomnia, diarrhea, vomiting, cold flashes with goose bumps, and involuntary leg movements

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LSD

SLANG TERMS FOR LSD:  LSD is sold under hundreds of slang street names including acid, blotter, cid, doses, Uncle Sid, Barrels, Battery Acid, Big D, Lucy In The Sky With Diamonds, Black Star, Black Tabs, Sugar Cubs and trips, as well as names that reflect the designs on the sheets of blotter paper like Daffy Duck, Rainbow, Super Hero, etc.

Lysergic acid diethylamide, LSD, LSD-25, or acid, is a semisynthetic psychedelic drug of the tryptamine family. Arguably the most regarded of all psychedelics, it is considered mainly as a recreational drug, an entheogen, and a tool in use to supplement various types of exercises for transcendence including in meditation, psychonautics, and illegal psychedelic psychotherapy whether self administered or not. LSD’s psychological effects (colloquially called a “trip”) vary greatly from person to person, depending on factors such as previous experiences, state of mind and environment, as well as dose strength. They also vary from one trip to another, and even as time passes during a single trip. An LSD trip can have long term psycho emotional effects; some users cite the LSD experience as causing significant changes in their personality and life perspective. Widely different effects emerge based on what Leary called set and setting; the “set” being the general mindset of the user, and the “setting” being the physical and social environment in which the drug’s effects are experienced.

About ten years ago I bought my third trip from a guy in my home town Norwich (UK) It was a ‘Strawberry’ and I was told it had been double dipped. The guy had a reputation for selling good acid so I happily gave him my cash. I took the single LSD tab in the late morning in a positive state of mind with no worries or anxieties. I began to come up on the acid towards the lunch time. It was to be the first and last time I’d ever trip alone. Outside it was a glorious sunny day but I was happy enough in my temporary sanctuary to even think about going outside. The LSD rush started blazing up my spine and racing through my guts, I felt a little uneasy with it but had enough mind to allow myself to just go with it and wait until the rush plateaued. I was having a wonderful time, watching floral Escher type patterns breathing over my skin. I vaguely recall deciding to go downstairs again for some reason then the next thing I recall was awakening on the floor of the dining room alone. The first thing I noticed was that there were blowflies buzzing around a bowl of catfood on the kitchen floor. I remember feeling perplexed as to why both flies had two bright neon after images in red and blue. Somehow I navigated myself through Norwich during the busy lunchtime shoppers and begun to head in the direction of the city’s central park ‘Chapelfield gardens’. If you could imagine for a moment being surrounded by people in a busy place where their heads had been removed and replaced by Squids and Octopus you might begin to accurately picture the scene confronting me in the park. Everyone had tentacles smothering their faces and dangling down their necks like fleshy snake beards, even the women and children were not exempt from this disfiguration. In retrospect, it was the worst day of my entire life, It was the closest I can imagine to having full blown psychosis.

Heroin

SLANG TERMS FOR HEROIN: Heron, Heroine, Big H, Blacktar, Brown Sugar, Dope, Horse, Junk, Mud, Skag, Smack

Heroin is an opiate processed directly from the extracts of the opium poppy. It was originally created to help cure people of addiction to morphine. Upon crossing the blood-brain barrier, which occurs soon after introduction of the drug into the bloodstream, heroin is converted into morphine, which mimics the action of endorphins, creating a sense of well-being; the characteristic euphoria has been described as an “orgasm” centered in the gut. One of the most common methods of heroin use is via intravenous injection.

For the last 4 months, my partner and I have been recreationally using heroin. H became our weekend ritual. Lighting candles, playing music, brie and wine and grapes, reading tarot and finally fucking… for hours on end, the most intense beautiful Technicolor sex. Each time we did it we got closer to each other. And each time we did it, we wanted to do it again, and again. We tried saying we’d only do it once every two weeks, but that lasted 6 days. We have rules about how much we do in one night, how late we stay up and so on. So far the rules have kept us safe from addiction. Unless you consider the nagging i-don’t-wanna-go-a-weekend-or-have-sex-without-it feelings. We’ve never run out, although, once we were down to our last little bit and I left the vial open on the night stand. I was reaching for the lube when I heard the most sickening sound, the vial falling over. Turns out, I was mistaken, I had remembered to put the cap back on. But in those few seconds of uncertainty, my girl and I shot each other a look we had never seen before.. Fear.

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Psilocybin Mushrooms

SLANG TERMS FOR MUSHROOMS: Caps, Magic Mushrooms, Shrooms, mush, mushies, munchers, hippie caps, Silly Simon, Buttons, Tweezes

Psilocybin mushrooms (also called psilocybian mushrooms) are fungi that contain the psychedelic substances psilocybin and psilocin, and occasionally other psychoactive tryptamines. There are multiple colloquial terms for psilocybin mushrooms, the most common being magic mushrooms or ’shrooms. When psilocybin is ingested, it is broken down to produce psilocin, which is responsible for the hallucinogenic effects. The intoxicating effects of psilocybin-containing mushrooms typically last anywhere from 3 to 7 hours depending on dosage, preparation method and personal metabolism. The experience is typically inwardly oriented, with strong visual and auditory components. Visions and revelations may be experienced, and the effect can range from exhilarating to distressing. There can be also a total absence of effects, even with large doses.

I had acquired about 8 grams of dried mushrooms and some liquid psilocybin equivalent to another 5 grams of powdered mushrooms. I swallowed the liquid first, on an empty stomach of course. I could feel a slight sensation after about 10-15 minutes. Then I added the powder to some water in a mug and swallowed that also. I then sat by the camp fire, listening to the wind in the trees while I contemplated what was about to happen. After about 45-50 minutes I heard a ‘voice’ calling to me. It wasn’t audible in the normal sense – it came from inside my own mind! Then I was gone – out of this world. I escaped into what I perceived to be the outer boundaries of my mind or my imagination. This placed presented itself as a natural forest with low light. Here I met the owner of the aforementioned voice – the Mushroom Goddess. She took the form of a white, strapless, ankle-length dress, standing side-on from me. For about the next two hours I dialoged with her, becoming totally bewitched by her charm, her wit, her intelligence, her knowledge, her unconditional affection for me and her seemingly infinite perspective. I have come to think of her as my other-worldly girlfriend.

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Marijuana

SLANG TERMS FOR MARIJUANA: Aunt Mary, Bobby, Boom, Chronic, Dope ganja, Gangster, Grass, Hash, Herb, Kif, Mary Jane, Pot, Reefer, Sinsemilla, Skunk,

Cannabis, known as marijuana in its herbal form, is a psychoactive product of the plant Cannabis sativa. Humans have been consuming cannabis since prehistory, although in the 20th century there was a rise in its use for recreational, religious or spiritual, and medicinal purposes. It is estimated that about four percent of the world’s adult population use cannabis annually. It has psychoactive and physiological effects when consumed, usually by smoking or ingestion. The minimum amount of THC required to have a perceptible psychoactive effect is about 10 micrograms per kilogram of body weight. The state of intoxication due to cannabis consumption is colloquially known as a “high”; it is the state where mental and physical facilities are noticeably altered due to the consumption of cannabis. Each user experiences a different high, and the nature of it may vary upon factors such as potency, dose, chemical composition, method of consumption and set and setting.

After taking that first hit, and not feeling the effects within a minute (holding it in for a minute, and then waiting a little bit after exhaling) I decided, well I better hit this again, harder if I can. I took just as large of a hit, and again held it in for longer than a minute. I let my brother know I was really starting to feel something now and I don’t think I liked it all. It snuck up on me really bad, and I still had no idea what to expect. I wanted him to be quiet. Laying down was not helping, so I got back up. I went back to the garage and tried to explain to everyone ‘I am totally fucked up. This is scary!’ I was rationalizing everything tremendously, but it was SO intense! And it was only getting more intense faster! I didn’t know what to expect, I was sinking within myself, accelerating downward like into the depths of my own oblivion. I was a novice, I had no idea what to expect, and the world had become out of synch, the talking of my brothers, his friend, all ridiculous and extremely annoying. I became amazingly irritable and wanted them to leave me alone or not talk in my presence. They did not understand or appreciate my fear, and they began to get loud again. I ran upstairs to my parents bed and laid down with some wistful hope that I could wait out this storm.

Amphetamines

SLANG TERMS FOR AMPHETAMINES: amp, amped, bennie(s), benz, black & white, black beauties, black mollies, bumblebees, cartwheels, co-pilot, coast to coasts, crisscross, cross tops, dexies, dominoes, eye openers, footballs, hearts, jelly baby, jelly bean, jollies, leapers, lid Proppers, lightning, marathons, oranges, pep pills, rippers, road dope, snap, sparkle plenty, speed, sweets, thrusters, truck drivers, uppers, ups, wake-ups

Amphetamines belong to a group of drugs called psychostimulants, a central nervous system stimulant. They speed up the messages going to and from the brain and body. Their effect is similar to that of the body’s own adrenalin. Even though amphetamines mimic the effects of adrenalin, they act for a much longer time in the body.

   Most amphetamines are produced in “backyard” laboratories and sold illegally. People who buy amphetamines illegally are often buying the drugs mixed with other substances that can have unpleasant or harmful effects

On the streets, amphetamines can come as a white through to a brown powder, sometimes even orange and dark purple. The drug has a strong smell and bitter taste.

Capsules vary considerably in color and are sometimes sold in commercial brand shells. They are packaged in “foils” (aluminum foil), plastic bags, or small balloons when sold on the streets.

   Tablets vary in color and contain a cocktail of drugs, binding agents, caffeine, and sugar. This form of amphetamines is increasing.

   The reddish-brown liquid is sold in capsules.

Swallowed, injected (methamphetamine) or smoked. They are also “snorted” (sniffed) through the nose.

Increased talkativeness, aggressiveness, breathing rate, heart rate, and blood pressure. Reduced appetite, dilated pupils, visual hallucinations, auditory hallucinations, compulsive, repetitive action

Long-term effects include tolerance and dependence, violence, aggression, and malnutrition due to suppression of

An estimated 13 millions Americans use amphetamines without medical supervision

Approximately 15% of 10th and 12th graders surveyed had ever used amphetamines without a prescription

In a study at San Francisco General Hospital, approximately 25% of seizures were found to be caused by amphetamine use

PCP

SLANG TERMS FOR PCP: angel dust, supergrass, killer weed, embalming fluid, rocket

PCP (Phencyclidine) is a dissociative drug formerly used as an anesthetic agent, exhibiting hallucinogenic and neurotoxic effects. It is commonly known as Angel Dust, but is also known as Wet, Sherm, Sherman Hemsley, Rocket Fuel, Ashy Larry, Shermans Tank, Wack, Halk Hogan, Ozone, HannaH, Hog, Manitoba Shlimbo, and Embalming Fluid, among other names. Although the primary psychoactive effects of the drug only last hours, total elimination from the body is prolonged, typically extending over weeks. PCP is consumed in a recreational manner by drug users, mainly in the United States, where the demand is met by illegal production. It comes in both powder and liquid forms (PCP base dissolved most often in ether), but typically it is sprayed onto leafy material such as marijuana, mint, oregano, parsley or Ginger Leaves, and smoked. PCP has potent effects on the nervous system altering perceptual functions (hallucinations, delusional ideas, delirium or confused thinking), motor functions (unsteady gait, loss of coordination, and disrupted eye movement or nystagmus), and autonomic nervous system regulation (rapid heart rate, altered temperature regulation). The drug has been known to alter mood states in an unpredictable fashion causing some individuals to become detached and others to become animated.

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Methamphetamine

SLANG TERMS FOR METH: 222, agua, albino poo, alffy, all tweakend long, anny, anything going on, bache knock, bache rock, bag chasers, baggers, Barney Dope, batak, Bato, bato, batu kilat, batu or batunas, batuwhore, beegokes, bianca, bikerdope, Billy, bitch, biznack, blanco, Blizzard, Blue acid, blue funk, bomb, booger, boorit-cebuano, boo-yah, Brian Ed, buff stick, bugger sugar, buggs, bumps, buzzard dust, caca, candy, cankinstien, CC, chach, cha-cha-cha, chalk, chalk dust, chank, cheebah, cheese, chicken flippin, chikin or chicken, chingadera, chittle, chizel, chiznad, choad, clavo, coco, coffee, cookies, CR, crack whore, crankster gansters, cri, criddle, cringe, crissy, critty, crizzy, crothch dope, crow, crunk, crypto, crystal meth, Crystalight, cube, Debbie, devil dust

Methamphetamime, popularly shortened to meth or ice, is a psychostimulant and sympathomimetic drug. Methamphetamine enters the brain and triggers a cascading release of norepinephrine, dopamine and serotonin. Since it stimulates the mesolimbic reward pathway, causing euphoria and excitement, it is prone to abuse and addiction. Users may become obsessed or perform repetitive tasks such as cleaning, hand-washing, or assembling and disassembling objects. Withdrawal is characterized by excessive sleeping, eating and depression-like symptoms, often accompanied by anxiety and drug-craving.

We first smoked meth on New Year’s Eve because we heard it was great for sex. I had to work the next day and so saved some to smoke before work in the morning. When I got home another g was waiting for me and I smoked every day but one until I finally quit three months later. For three weeks we smoked meth with little consequence, then my skin became fragile and in addition to breaking out, started to swell. I was really worried because I was constantly thirsty and drinking water, but I rarely urinated. Then my kidneys started hurting. I had lost twenty pounds in two months and my husband had lost thirty, and we’d read somewhere that rapid weight loss can cause kidney failure. I slept every three or four days for an hour or so and woke feeling rested. I was an hour late for work everyday. My husband wrecked the truck three times. One day I forgot to feed my son. Everything was either the highest of highs or the lowest of lows, no in between existed anymore. We were banned from the sauna at our apartment complex because no one else could use it. Our sweat smelled so strongly of ammonia it burned the eyes, it was caustic, and it burned our skin too. My husband and I haven’t done any drugs at all for four weeks, and things are slowly going back to normal. But I still want it. I can’t sleep tonight because I want it. I wrote this in all honesty mostly to help myself, to remind myself why I don’t want it. And still I want it.

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Opium

SLANG TERMS FOR OPIUM: Chillum Food, Chocolate, Hocus, Aunti, Aunti Emma, Big O, black, black hash, black pill, black russian, Black Jack, Blackjack

Opium is a resinous narcotic formed from the latex released by lacerating (or “scoring”) the immature seed pods of opium poppies (Papaver somniferum). It contains up to 16% morphine, an opiate alkaloid, which is most frequently processed chemically to produce heroin for the illegal drug trade. Opium has gradually been superseded by a variety of purified, semi-synthetic, and synthetic opioids with progressively stronger effect, and by other general anesthesia. This process began in 1817, when Friedrich Wilhelm Adam Sertürner reported the isolation of pure morphine from opium after at least thirteen years of research and a nearly disastrous trial on himself and three boys.

I remember that what I smoked was much easier to smoke than marijuana. There was no burning in my throat nor in my lungs. I took a very large, smooth hit. Smoking it like marijuana, I held it in for about 10 or 15 seconds and let it out. It didn’t taste like marijuana, I remember the taste being rather faint. It actually tasted and smelled like incense. I was very surprised to suddenly find myself on the floor, in the dark, with a crowd of people surrounding me. Apparently I had fainted and fallen to the ground, but I hadn’t noticed. The high itself is rather hard to describe. It was much more intense than marijuana. It felt heavy, like my whole body was being impacted… but it also felt very clear and refined at the same time. As I made my way towards the bathroom the drug began to kick in again. My steps kind of faded away and it felt like I was just floating over to the bathroom. The scary thing was though, that I was having trouble seeing. My vision was fading. Distinct figures melted into shadows and everything had a sparkle to it. All of a sudden, everything felt really good. I couldn’t stop smiling. Everything was profound in a very positive way, especially the music since it resonated everywhere. It was a very abstruse experience. I imagine that I was coming down at this point, an hour had surely past by because the band was building a climax to end their first set. I went along with the crowd and made my way outside. The fresh air was wonderful. The cool air seemed to wrap around my body. A slight breeze on the back of my neck sent chills that rapidly multiplied throughout my body.

Ritalin

SLANG TERMS FOR RITALIN: Kibbles & Bits, Kiddy-Cocaine, Pineapple, R-Ball, Skippy, Smart Drug, Smarties, Vitamin R, West

Ritalin, the trade name for the prescription drug methylphenidate, is a central nervous system stimulant often prescribed to treat individuals (mostly children) diagnosed with ADD (attention deficit disorder) or ADHD (attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.)1
    Taken as prescribed, Ritalin can be an effective medicine. Research has shown that people with ADHD do not get addicted to their stimulant medications at treatment dosages.2
   In clinical studies, methylphenidate, like amphetamines, produce behavioral and psychological effects similar to cocaine. In simple terms, this means that the human body cannot tell the difference between cocaine, amphetamines, or Ritalin.
   When abused, these prescription tablets create powerful stimulant and addictive effects. In recent years, Ritalin has become one of the most abused prescription drugs.

Ritalin is available in 5-, 10-, and 20-milligram tablets. The tablets typically are white or yellow in color. On the streets, a single tablet is illegally sold for $3 – $

Abusers either swallow the tablets or crush them to produce a powder, which is snorted. Some abusers dissolve the tablets in water and then inject the mixture — a particularly dangerous practice. Complications can result when the drug is injected because insoluble fibers in Ritalin can block small blood vessels.

Since Ritalin is a prescribed medication, it’s often considered innocent and harmless, without the stigma associated with street drugs. In fact, illegal Ritalin use can be very dangerous, with effects similar to those produced by cocaine and amphetamines.

   Common Ritalin side-effects include:

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Ecstasy

SLANG TERMS FOR ECSTASY: Adam, Bean, E, M, MDMA, Roll, X, XTC. When a person is experiencing the effects of ecstasy, they are referred to as “rolling

Ecstasy (MDMA) is a semisynthetic psychedelic entactogen of the phenethylamine family that is much less visual with more stimulant like effects than most all other common “trip” producing psychedelics. It is considered mainly a recreational drug that’s often used with sex and associated with club drugs, as an entheogen, and a tool in use to supplement various types of practices for transcendence including in meditation, psychonautics, and illicit psychedelic psychotherapy whether self administered or not. The primary effects of MDMA include an increased awareness of the senses, feelings of openness, euphoria, empathy, love,happiness, heightened self-awareness, feeling of mental clarity and an increased appreciation of music and movement. Tactile sensations are enhanced for some users, making physical contact with others more pleasurable. Other side effects, such as jaw clenching and elevated pulse, are common.

Sitting comfortably in our cosy living room, Café del Mar and similar CDs playing in the background, we began at 8 pm. I swallowed one white tablet with water. Over the next hour nothing much happened except that I found myself talking quite openly and confidently with the others, moving very easily into interesting conversations. This was a little unusual for me as I am normally quite shy and overly self-conscious in social situations and it takes me a while to loosen up. The next thing I experienced was a striking shift in my visual perception. I don’t mean a hallucination or a distortion, but a wonderful step up in the aesthetic quality. For a moment it was like being in one of those nostalgic TV ads where the world looks all gold and sepia. ‘Everything’s gone amber!’ I blurted. But then I found that my vision was becoming beautifully enhanced. It made my normal visual experience seem like cheap, fuzzy CCTV footage in comparison. Now I was seeing the world anew in sharp, lush, top-quality Technicolor! I also began to move in time to the music. The music! Oh, the music! Wow! It sounded so good, so organic! The uplifted state stayed with me and took a long time to fade — at least a couple of weeks. It had unleashed in me a rush of joy that was still accessible when I focused on it weeks later.

Rohypnol

SLANG TERMS FOR ROHYPNOL: Date-Rape Drug, La Roche, R2, Rib, Roach, Roofenol, Roofies, Rope, Rophies,

Rohypnolis the brand name for a drug called flunitrazepam, a powerful sedative. Flunitrazepam has never been approved for medical use in the U.S., therefore, doctors cannot prescribe it and pharmacists cannot dispense it. However, it is legally prescribed in over 60 other countries and is widely available in Mexico, Colombia, and Europe where it is used for the treatment of insomnia and as a pre-anesthetic

A small white tablet with no taste or odor when dissolved in a drink

Like other benzodiazepines (such as Valium, Librium, Xanax, and Halcion), flunitrazepam’s pharmacological effects include sedation, muscle relaxation, reduction in anxiety, and prevention of convulsions. However, flunitrazepam’s sedative effects are approximately 7–10 times more potent than diazepam (Valium). The effects of flunitrazepam appear approximately 15–20 minutes after administration and last 4–6 hours. Residual effects can be found 12 hours or more after administration.

Flunitrazepam causes partial amnesia — individuals are unable to remember certain events that they experienced while under the influence of the drug. This effect is particularly dangerous when flunitrazepam is used to aid in the commission of sexual assault — victims may not be able to clearly recall the assault, assailant, or events surrounding the assault.

It’s difficult to estimate just how many flunitrazepam-facilitated rapes have occurred nationally. Often, biological samples are taken from the victim when the effects of the drug have already passed and only residual amounts remain in the body fluids. These amounts are difficult, if not impossible, to detect using standard screening tests. If flunitrazepam exposure is to be detected, urine samples need to be collected within 72 hours and subjected to sensitive analytical tests. The problem is compounded by the onset of amnesia after ingestion of the drug, which causes the victim to be uncertain about the facts surrounding the rape. This uncertainty may lead to critical delays or even reluctance to report the rape and to provide appropriate biological samples for toxicology testing

Chronic use of flunitrazepam can result in physical dependence and the appearance of withdrawal syndrome when the drug is discontinued

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This street drug fact sheet and many other fyi drug reference sheets are available at how do i get my daughter off drugs    http://www.howdoigetmydaughteroffdrugs.com

Commonly abused drugs
The drugs listed below are commonly abused, and affect the brain and physiology in different ways.

Check out information provided by The National Institute on Drug Abuse (NIDA) which offers a chart of commonly abused drugs and identifies how they affect you and what the long-term health risks are.

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Commonly Abused Drugs

Stimulants : Cocaine ,Ritalin (one of several medications for ADHD)
Methamphetamine : Ecstasy
Opioids : Heroin
Vicodin and Oxycontin (painkillers)
Depressants(Benzodiazepine): Valium and Xanax (tranquilizers)
Cannabinoids : Marijuana and Hashish
Hallucinogens and Psilocybin :LSD and PCP
Magic Mushrooms
Inhalants : Aerosols, Nitrous oxide, Nitrites (poppers)
Drugs for increasing muscle mass : Anabolic steroids

Teenage drug abuse and addiction:

For most of us, it’s a no-brainer to avoid misuse of drugs: we see that the dangers and destructive long-term effects outweigh any momentary pleasure drugs afford and act accordingly. But it’s also easy to understand why people use and abuse drugs that pose risks to health and well-being. It’s a matter of brain chemistry.
Drugs are chemicals that enter the brain and mess with the way nerve cells normally send, receive, and process information. Some imitate natural neurotransmitters; for example, narcotic pain relievers mimic the effects of endorphins, the body’s natural “feel-good” chemical. Or they are similar enough to the brain’s natural chemical messengers that they trick brain receptors into activating nerve cells. Stimulants such as cocaine and methamphetamines cause the neurons to release too much of the neurotransmitters, causing the sensation users describe as the brain “racing.”
And, in one way or another, almost all drugs overstimulate the pleasure center of the brain, flooding it with the neurotransmitter dopamine. That produces euphoria, and that heightened pleasure can be so compelling that the brain wants that feeling back again and again. Unfortunately, with repeated use of a drug, the brain becomes accustomed to the dopamine surges by producing less of it, so the user has to take more of the drug to feel the same pleasure – the phenomenon known as tolerance.
But what causes people to want to tinker with their brain chemistry in the first place? Some are thrill-seekers, some just curious; some try drugs because their friends use, or they want to be perceived as cool. Even more susceptible, though, are the many people who use drugs in order to cope with unpleasant emotions and the difficulties of life. The National Alliance on Mental Illness estimates that about half of all drug abusers also suffer from a mental illness such as depression, anxiety, bipolar disorder, or schizophrenia.
People who are suffering emotionally use drugs not so much for the rush but to escape from their problems. They’re trying to self-medicate themselves out of loneliness, low self-esteem, unhappy relationships, stress, and many other types of problems. Drug use doesn’t solve any of those problems, and it can easily make them worse or create new ones. But even if the user knows that, the short-term escape drugs provide can be so attractive that the dangerous consequences of abuse can seem unimportant.

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Drug abuse and addiction in teenagers
Teenagers are especially vulnerable to drug abuse for several reasons:
In the adolescent brain, the centers for judgment and self-control are still developing, resulting in many teens being less than careful about the decisions they make and more open to risk-taking
Kids think they’re immortal and nothing can kill them
Teens are notorious conformists, so many are going to want to do what the other kids are doing, or do things that they think will make them look cool
Contemporary adolescence is filled with stress and problems, some of which is exaggerated, but unfortunately some of the stress is experienced fully. Even if a teen over-dramatizes or magnifies a problem, the temptation to self-medicate is real
Although it is sometimes difficult to distinguish between normal adolescent behaviors and drug-related activities, it is possible to get a good picture of what’s going on in your child’s life if you take an active interest in their daily lives.

Many parents rely on the three W’s:
Knowing…
WHERE they are at all times
WHAT they are doing
WHO they are with

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Structure is achieved by defining and modeling acceptable behaviors, by limiting unacceptable behaviors, and by making sure your child clearly understands the difference between the two.
Signs and Symptoms of Teenage Drug Use
The following list includes behaviors that may be red flag indicators of teen drug use – particularly if you notice several of these symptoms in your child:
Some Common Warnings of Teen Drug Use :
School performance, declining grades, increased absences, reported truancy
Withdrawal from hobbies, teams, family life
Marked change in behavior ranging from hostility to violence
Changes in energy level, having unusual amounts of energy or increased fatigue
Increased secrecy about possessions or activities
Use of incense, room freshener, or perfume to hide smoke or chemical odors
Wearing new clothes that highlight drug use, or suggest inappropriate conduct, or lack of concern for appearance and grooming
Evidence of drug paraphernalia, such as pipes and rolling papers
Evidence of eye drops used to mask bloodshot eyes or dilated pupils
Missing prescription drugs
Unusual requests for money without reasonable explanations for why they need it, discovering money has been stolen from your home or wallet, or finding objects missing which may have been sold to support a drug habit .

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Calif. Rep. Mary Bono Mack talks to Maggie Rodriguez about her son’s plea for help with prescription drug addiction.

As we all walk this road called life, there will be different challenges that will confront us. And one such challenge or obstacle may be of a physical nature. Because of the complexity of our bodies, there could be several people with some sort of a physical aliment, yet, each situation completely different from the other. Each individual could relate to their own situation, and at the same time, know nothing at all about another person’s physical condition.

However, I have discovered that there is a common condition, situation that most of us at one time or another have suffered from, some individuals have on a daily basis, and it is called stress! Now, I have been in the ministry for over half my life, along with being a pastor for nearly ten years. Also, I have been a chaplain at a maximum security prison. So, I qualify to know what it is to deal with stress. Anytime you have to deal with the public, people in general, it will always involve encountering stress. I remember once telling my doctor, during my annual physical, that I was wanting to reduce the stress in my life. He knows that I pastor a church and asked, how was I going to that-retire?

Therefore, I have come to the conclusion, unlike a physical condition that could be a temporary situation, stress is here to stay. Since I am not going to change what I do in life as far as work is concerned, I one day determined in my heart to learn how to reduce the stress level in my world.

Now, one good motivator to learn how to reduce stress is this thought: Reducing stress will lengthen your life! All kinds of things can develop due to stress, such as for example, your heart, blood pressure, and even your cholesterol level to name a few, can be effected due to not learning how to reduce the stress in your life.

There are numerous ways that are very effective in reducing stress, and in this article I want to share with someone what helps relieve the stress level in my life. First of all, I am married to a wonderful woman, who is my best friend, who is always in my corner. She is on my side, and is there for me when I need moral support when things get rough. However, I have found that it is good to have a friend that you can relate to besides your spouse. I have been blessed with a older pastor,who is a father figure to me, a mentor, who I can call and talk to, which helps me to deal with stressful issues. Also, going to church, participating in the services has helped me to deal or reduce my stress level. The idea of just being with other people has a way of relieving stress in a person’s life. Many times I have gone to a church service with a heavy load on my mind, but was helped, able to better cope with what was going on in my world, the stress for a short time had gone away. I must include, that what greatly reduces my stress level is my daily prayer and Bible reading.

The next two techniques that have always worked for me, which I enjoy very much, is a great stress reducer for me. I love being around children. They have a way of helping you to forget everything that may be going wrong in your life. Perhaps a phone call to one of my children or the children in my church will come and give me a hug, and tell me that they love me. This has never failed to help me deal better with the current stress in my life. Then, there is my extended family, my dogs and cats. My pets, these friends of mine have always been able to reduce the stress in my life. I do have a indoor cat named Aaron or I should say Sir Aaron. He is not your typical independent cat. But, he needs my attention, and I must say that I need his attention as well. On any given day, Aaron will jump on my lap and purr himself asleep. Once in a while he will pat me with his paw as though he is telling me, it’s going to be alright.

Here are a couple of other ways I have found useful in helping to reduce stress in my world. I have discovered that playing a game on the computer, such as solitaire, helps reduce stress. Now, this next technique is going to seem hard to believe. I have three acres of grass that I mow, and cutting the lawn has become a great stress reducer for me. When I am on my riding lawn mower, this has become my outlet of getting away or occupying mind on something else other than the stress related issues in my life.

I know that we are all different individuals who deal with stress on an on going basis. Also, I acknowledge the fact that what may help reduce stress in one person may not work in another. But, the important thing to remember is this, find something that does help you to reduce your stress. Your life depends on it.

Hello, my name is M. Lee Miller. I am married to a beautiful woman named Elizabeth. We have four wonderful children and three fantastic grandchildren. I have a Doctorate in Theology and a Ph.D in Religion. I have been in the ministry for 30 years and a pastor for over nine years. I really enjoy life and the opportunities that I have had in trying to help others during difficult periods in their lives.

Author Link: Personal Website:
http://www.millerdoctorofphilosophy.com

Article Source: Tips On How To Reduce Stress

The major factor that distracts an alcohol rehabilitation procedure is the environment. If the alcoholic does not feel comfortable or neglected, he will search out escape routes. If the people carrying out the rehabilitation procedures are not caring or the alcoholic feels uncomfortable, he or she may act as if they have rehabilitated just to end the procedure. Alternatively, they may react violently towards the people carrying out the rehabilitation procedures.

An alcoholic has reached this state definitely because of some reason. The only way to rehabilitate him or her is by making them desire for rehabilitation. The rehabilitation cannot be forced. Either alcoholics will require rehabilitation because they may lose their lives if they are not rehabilitated, or they are suffering from a health problem caused by consuming too much alcohol.

However, whatever may be the case it’s the alcoholic’s own will power that will do the trick. An alcoholic must have the will to live and to stop drinking. This is what a rehabilitation procedure is supposed to do. If the recovering alcoholic cannot get on with the psychiatrist or psychologist, how is he going to recover? If he feels that he is devoted with insufficient time, he’s not going to recover.

If after rehabilitation, he has to go back to the same environment. Facing the same set of social and family problems, he will return to drinking. Therefore, a number of factors matter in a rehabilitation procedure. First is the attitude of the staff of the rehabilitation center. They must recognise that an alcoholic is a disease like any other disease, and requires proper nursing and care.

They must not be treated with disdain or like social outcasts. They should not be made to feel rebellious. In fact, they must be treated as normal human beings. Alcoholics are human beings who are suffering from an acute problem! Secondly, the atmosphere of the rehabilitation center must be serene and soothing. However, most important is getting the alcoholic to speak about what drives them to alcohol, and how can this urge be removed.

The family plays a major role in this. Family support, acceptance, and spending time in good company are what an alcoholic needs. The alcoholic may be deeply disturbed and may feel a sense of loneliness. Having no responsibilities, an ample income and nothing to do can drive a person to alcohol. There are no wonder cures for this ailment and even the best rehabilitation procedures can fail.

The doctors can be the best, the atmosphere friendly and serene. Yet the rehabilitation procedure can fail. Until the alcoholic is not ready to change and has the will to change, the procedure is doomed to fail.

Rehabilitation requires building a one on one relationship with an alcoholic. Getting them first to speak about what drives them to drink, then building their will power to leave drinking and making them mentally strong. This is what will work. An alcoholic must genuinely believe in change. Only when they develop this attitude, the rehabilitation procedure will work. One on one session group therapy and other procedures can fail if the alcoholic refuses to budge mentally.

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Everybody has experienced nightmares at some point in their lives. They are experiences that can be very frightening and incredibly disturbing. The feeling when awoken is of relief and the thought that it was only a bad dream nothing more. However, the feelings and images of these nightmares can frighten some people for the whole day or even for years.

What causes nightmares has been studied and discussed for thousands of years and unfortunately even with the most modern technology the scientists haven’t been able to come up with a precise answer for this question.

Nightmares can be caused by physical conditions that affect health. Stress is one of the causes for nightmares. If someone is under extreme stress, nightmares are a way that Mother Nature finds to release all the pressure suffered by the dreamer.

Post-traumatic stress disorders can also cause the individual to have nightmares. This is where someone has been through some kind of event that caused emotional or physical trauma. The memories and feelings about that specific event can cause sleeping disorders, especially nightmares.

Worries are also a big trigger for nightmares. If someone is worried about something at a particular time then it is very likely they will have a nightmare around that time. Some people are classed as ‘worriers’. With constant worrying about something they are the most affected ones as they are likely to have regular nightmares.

Nightmares can also be genetic; studies showed that individuals with frequent nightmares have a family history of similar sleeping disturbances.

Childhood is when nightmares are the most common because this is a time of our emotional development when we all have to come to terms with, well, raw, primitive emotions such as aggression and rage.

The imbalance of our emotions can also cause us to have frequent nightmares. Primitive emotions such as rage and aggression, profound resentment, excessive fear and an over competitive character may trigger frequent nightmares.

There are some techniques you can use to ease frequent nightmares. You must try this every night until the problem is resolved.

- Write down your nightmare in as much detail as you can remember. Tell the whole story even if it is extremely scary.

- Try to end the story of your nightmare with a happy ending. Do not include violence of any sort when writing the story. Keep it as peaceful and compassionate as you can. Don’t forget that you are working with raw emotions and trying to turn them into more refined emotions.

- After you finish writing the new story, go through it in your head over and over again. You must do this every night straight after you go to bed. Don’t do anything in between as it will weaken this powerful technique. Do it when you go to bed so you are not tempted to do things in between.

- Then do some relaxation exercises. You can choose anyone that you are comfortable with such a yoga, meditation, or breathing exercises.

If you suffer from nightmares you may want to try a magnificent book that takes you step-by-step in the most advanced techniques on how to stop nightmares for good. I was a terrible sufferer of nightmares before I read this book and although they have not stopped from happening every single night, I can now say that I sleep peacefully at least 90% of the time more, than before I read it.

For more tips and resources on how to stop nightmares visit the website at the bottom of this page.

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Article Source: What Causes Nightmares: And How To Stop Them

When choosing a health care plan you have to keep certain things in mind. Some of the important points are as follows:
An individual health insurance cover, simply stated, is an agreement between you and the insurance firm, aimed at protecting you against any financial constraints on account of a medical emergency. The one pertinent question you need to ask yourself is -what are the factors to be analyzed before deciding on an individual health insurance policy?

It is indeed a fact that medical and preventive sciences have made rapid advancements in today’s world. Nonetheless, it would be prudent to arm yourself with the best individual health insurance cover to protect yourself against any unforeseen illness. Indeed, America’s best health insurance companies are vying with one another in putting together some of the most imaginative individual health insurance policies designed to overcome any medical contingency. If you are unemployed, or self-employed, an individual health insurance policy is the right choice.

Consult with your insurance company if you can have your individual health insurance policy incorporated in its group policy. You may be paying a higher rate but the terms would be more advantageous than if you had to buy your own individual health insurance policy. If you are married, find out if your spouse’s employer is willing to include you in its group policy. If you are left with no option, then it is wise to buy an individual health insurance policy. Even though the insurance cover may be limited and the rates high, you would still be ensuring protection for yourself or your family against financial problems if you are suddenly confronted with a serious illness or medical emergency. Search for a good health insurance professional to help you with the best individual health insurance policy that offers you good value for money.

You have plenty of choices while selecting individual health insurance plans – The PPO Plan or the Preferred Provider Organization, the HMO Plan or the Health Maintenance Organization, the HDHP or the High Deductible Health Insurance and HAS or the Health Savings Accounts Qualified High Deductible Plan.

When considering individual health insurance plans a worthwhile option may be a health savings account plan which has few unique benefits. With individual health insurance plans, you can trade lower deductible health insurance for a plan that has a higher deductible. This will help you save money each month by lowering your premium. Besides the lower cost, higher deductible health savings account plan also has the added benefit of a tax favored savings account. Yet another interesting aspect of these individual health insurance plans is that the money you save rolls over year after year.

Even if you are already covered by your employer’s insurance scheme, you may still need to get additional coverage through an individual health insurance plan. This becomes necessary because employer-sponsored programs often fall short of individual needs. Extensive coverage for self and family can be achieved through a separate individual health insurance plan.

Individual health insurance plans are of two types: – Indemnity plans – Managed care plans. Indemnity plans are costlier but best suited for those who have particular health issues and need to be treated by specific doctors. Managed care plans cost less because you will be visiting a doctor or a hospital that is provided under the plan. If the treatment requires you to visit a specialist, you will need special permission from the insurance service provider. This plan is best suited for individuals without specific health problems, and wanting to pay less.. If you have to choose a new physician from the health care plan then do a little bit of research work by calling the medical office she works for or checking with the AMA. Other factors like location and availability have to be considered while choosing a doctor.

Sometimes in life you may need a specialist for specific medical conditions you need to find out how you will be able to use a specialist. Find out do you have to contact your primary care physician first or find out if the current specialist you use is an in-network doctor. While choosing a health care plan many forget to confirm that their pre-existing condition will be covered. Pre-existing conditions can vary between plans from being excluded to being covered fully and sometimes somewhere in-between like being covered after a specific amount of time. Find out what type of emergency rooms and hospitals are covered on your plan. Also find out if you have to contact your primary care physician first before getting emergency care. Most of the managed care plans do provide regular physicals and health screenings yearly, but some independent insurance plans do not cover them at all. If you’re using a prescription drug on a regular basis or you may need in the future, then choose a plan that has good prescription drug coverage. This coverage type can vary enormously from plan to plan. If you’re visiting a gynecologist regularly, find out if your doctor is covered in the plan. Find out what additional benefits do the plan offers when comparing health plans like drug and alcohol rehabilitation, mental health care, counseling, home health care etc. After finding what you want in your health care plan you have to compare costs. Find out your deductibles, co-payment details etc. Co-payments are the fees you need to pay when visiting your doctor, hospital or emergency room. Do know your limits. Some plans have lifetime limits on how much the health care plan will pay and some have lifetime limits along with yearly limits. The last thing is the exclusions list. You will want to review each plan’s exclusions list to find out what is not covered and to see if any condition you currently have or expect to have in the future, is included on that list.

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Some persons are blessed by nature, upbringing, or simply good fortune to develop and experience personal authenticity. Most others of us however are called by the psychological and spiritual pain of inauthentic living.

When faced with such personal pain and suffering, how then shall we respond? Shall we flee pain’s sharp edge, or shall we embrace it thereby engaging ourselves in an unparalleled adventure of self-discovery?

Rumi, the Persian ecstatic, sang, ‘These pains that you feel are messengers. Listen to them.’ What?! Not numb or run from pain, but listen to it? Why?

A principle of holistic medicine perhaps can shed some light. Commonly we caricature allopathic medicine as treating the symptom rather than the cause of disease. In contrast, we value holistic medicine’s understanding of illness as the body’s signal that there is something wrong whose cause, not effect, needs curing.

So too psychological pain is the psyche’s signal that there is something wrong with the soul that needs remedying. To numb ourselves by losing ourselves in television or computer games, binge eating, boozing, manic busyness, etc. is similar to the allopathic strategy of dealing with the symptom not the cause of our pain. We may experience relief of symptoms, but not a cure. We may sleep better at night, but die impoverished of a life of personal meaning. Instead, a holistic approach to our pain would be to seek its cause by inquiring into our selves and our lives.

So psychological pain then is a messenger to whom we would hearken were we to heal the soul, rather than numb the symptoms of our suffering. And were we to listen as Rumi’s counsel, what might we find? We might find that the ultimate cause of our pain is the inhibition of our authentic nature – a life lived distantly from our deepest selves.

Each of us is endowed with a nature that expresses itself uniquely; each of us is born to unique life conditions; each of us experiences life with a style and perspective that is distinct; each of us stands in a place that cannot be occupied by another; and, each of us is called to manifest the magnificence of our distinct individuality.

Yet each of us also is socially conditioned to be like everyone else. Fit in. Listen to authority, not yourself. Yet, the road to personal authenticity is not to become like someone else, but to become more like your own unique self.

So rather than our psychological and spiritual pains being threats to our existence that we would numb and shun, perhaps these pains are the very calls of our souls to an authentic life. If heeded, perhaps they would liberate us from the thralldom of lives that have been hobbled by our efforts to live like everyone else, not our deepest natures.

Michael Nagel is author of this article on Portland counseling.
Find more information about Portland therapist here.

Article Source: Heeding the Call to Personal Authenticity

Some persons are blessed by nature, upbringing, or simply good fortune to develop and experience personal authenticity. Most others of us however are called by the psychological and spiritual pain of inauthentic living.

When faced with such personal pain and suffering, how then shall we respond? Shall we flee pain’s sharp edge, or shall we embrace it thereby engaging ourselves in an unparalleled adventure of self-discovery?

Rumi, the Persian ecstatic, sang, ‘These pains that you feel are messengers. Listen to them.’ What?! Not numb or run from pain, but listen to it? Why?

A principle of holistic medicine perhaps can shed some light. Commonly we caricature allopathic medicine as treating the symptom rather than the cause of disease. In contrast, we value holistic medicine’s understanding of illness as the body’s signal that there is something wrong whose cause, not effect, needs curing.

So too psychological pain is the psyche’s signal that there is something wrong with the soul that needs remedying. To numb ourselves by losing ourselves in television or computer games, binge eating, boozing, manic busyness, etc. is similar to the allopathic strategy of dealing with the symptom not the cause of our pain. We may experience relief of symptoms, but not a cure. We may sleep better at night, but die impoverished of a life of personal meaning. Instead, a holistic approach to our pain would be to seek its cause by inquiring into our selves and our lives.

So psychological pain then is a messenger to whom we would hearken were we to heal the soul, rather than numb the symptoms of our suffering. And were we to listen as Rumi’s counsel, what might we find? We might find that the ultimate cause of our pain is the inhibition of our authentic nature – a life lived distantly from our deepest selves.

Each of us is endowed with a nature that expresses itself uniquely; each of us is born to unique life conditions; each of us experiences life with a style and perspective that is distinct; each of us stands in a place that cannot be occupied by another; and, each of us is called to manifest the magnificence of our distinct individuality.

Yet each of us also is socially conditioned to be like everyone else. Fit in. Listen to authority, not yourself. Yet, the road to personal authenticity is not to become like someone else, but to become more like your own unique self.

So rather than our psychological and spiritual pains being threats to our existence that we would numb and shun, perhaps these pains are the very calls of our souls to an authentic life. If heeded, perhaps they would liberate us from the thralldom of lives that have been hobbled by our efforts to live like everyone else, not our deepest natures.

Michael Nagel is author of this article on Portland counseling.
Find more information about Portland therapist here.

Article Source: Heeding the Call to Personal Authenticity.

Have you experienced what it must be like meeting your big boss for the first time? The thought of being watched by your superior while working is stressful, isn’t it? Or, maybe you are so anxious to go to a beach party because you have not shed enough pounds to wear the two-piece swim suit (who knows how many years have them!), and you are so worried on what the people might say if you wear them with those excess baggage wrapping around your body? Those feelings are just normally. For as long as you have reasons to be anxious about anything, it is perfectly normal .But, if the anxiety is eating you up and you become anxious about what other people might say, or think, or do to you, which you know does not have rational basis, and the worst part is, you find it difficult to control your thought or emotion, that is social anxiety.

Social anxiety or social phobia is one of the largest mental health care problems in the word in the present day. A person with social anxiety simply spends time alone, closeted, away from people. They tend to choose to be alone than to be around with other people for fear that they might not fit in some ways or the other. Even when they are with familiar people, they may still feel overwhelmed and have the feeling that every movement and thought they made have been constantly watched or criticized. The feeling of being observed or being misjudged is one of the things that keep them away from people.

People with social anxiety are often misdiagnosed and are usually labeled as schizophrenic, manic-depressive, among other detrimental misdiagnoses. Because there few social anxious people have heard of their own condition and have never seen it discussed on any media, they tend to think that they’re alone in this world suffering from the disturbing symptoms. The tendency is they keep their condition to themselves for fear of being misjudged, and with the lack of info, education, and proper treatment social anxiety continues to impair their lives. In addition, when the time comes that people with social phobia finally gets to their feet and seeks help, the chances are very slim. When worst comes to worst, people who experienced this condition for a day, will have it everyday for the rest of hi/her life. They are people with social anxiety disorder.

One thing common to all socially anxious people is that they share the same knowledge that their thoughts and fears are basically irrational, which only means, they know exactly that the people they think are misjudging and criticizing them are not true at all. They acknowledged that their thoughts, doubts, and feelings are in a way exaggerated and irrational, yet, despite the fact that they know what’s really going on, they find it hard to control, and still continue to feel that way.

If there’s bad, there’s always good, and the good thing is that social anxiety is curable. There are many therapeutic methods which have been studied, but cognitive-behavioral therapy is the only modality that has been made known to work effectively. Actually, the treatment of social phobia through cognitive-behavioral methods has the capacity to produce long-term, permanent relief to sufferers of social phobia. Isn’t it a happy ending, after all?

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Article Source: Learn And Be Guided About Social Anxiety

It is normal for people to experience anxiety from to time. It makes us cope from very stressful situations. But when anxiety becomes too much and turns into irrational fear of everyday circumstances, it becomes a debilitating anxiety disorder. Unlike short-lived, mild anxiety caused by a stressful event, anxiety disorder lasts at least 6 months and may worsen if not properly and immediately treated.

The best way to anxiety cure is to understand anxiety condition. Anxiety is a troubled state of mind. Anxiety results from fearful thinking of future events or situations. It is a condition that is not accidental, unknown, or uncontrollable. Anxiety condition occurs for specific reason and have underlying basis why it persists. Education is an important way to help attain anxiety cure. Here are some of the helpful tips towards anxiety cures which may aid in taking control over your own emotions again.

Relaxation techniques- a person feeling anxious most of the time has trouble relaxing, however, learning how to release muscle tension is an important anxiety cure. Relaxation techniques include: regular muscle relaxation, meditation, abdominal breathing, and isometric relaxation exercise.

Proper breathing techniques- the physical symptoms of anxiety maybe triggered by hyperventilation or rapid breathing, which raises oxygen levels and reduces the amount of carbon dioxide in the blood. A person with anxiety condition should know how to breathe from their diaphragm, and not from their chest, to prevent against hyperventilation. This technique can help you calm down while feeling anxious.

Cognitive therapy- this technique focuses on altering patterns of thinking and beliefs that are associated with ad trigger anxiety. The basis of cognitive therapy is that ideas can trigger thoughts, which then trigger feelings, results manifest trough action. Cognitive therapy strategies should include rational self-talk, training on attention, reality testing cognitive challenging, and cognitive restructuring. This means monitoring your self-talk, challenging fears and beliefs, and checking out the negative thoughts in terms of their reality.

Behavior therapy- the major component of behavior therapy is exposure. Exposure therapy involves deliberately confronting your fears in order to desensitize yourself. Exposure lets you to redefine the danger or fear aspect of the situation or trigger.

Medication- is important to see medication as a short-term measure, not a solution to anxiety disorder. Studies show that psychological therapies are much more effective than drugs in managing anxiety disorder in the long run. Brief course of tranquilizers or antidepressants may be prescribed by your doctor to help you deal with the symptoms.

Dietary adjustments- inadequate intake of vitamin B and calcium can worsen anxiety symptoms. Nicotine, caffeine, and stimulant drugs should be avoided for they trigger your adrenaline glands to release adrenaline, one of the main stress chemical.

Exercise – burns up stress chemicals and promotes relaxation. Plan to do some physical activities at least 3 to 4 times a week and vary your activities to avoid boredom.

There may have effective anxiety cure, but the level of recovery depends on the participation and willingness of the person with anxiety condition. The sooner you can get treatment, the bigger your chance of getting better and be back to normal health.

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Article Source: Helpful Tips Regarding Anxiety Cure

Anxiety attack can be a very terrifying experience. It is a period of sudden and intense fear or discomfort, typically with an abrupt onset and usually lasting for no more than 10 minutes. Sometimes a person can experience a panic attack all of a sudden without particular reason. Most people that experience one attack will usually experience another attack, and those who have recurring attacks, or feel severe anxiety about having another are said to have panic disorder.

Various individuals report different symptoms during an anxiety attack. Some of the common anxiety attack symptoms are:

o Palpitations, a pounding of heart, or an accelerated heart rate
o Increased sweating
o Trembling or shaking
o Shortness of breath
o Chest pain or discomfort
o Nausea or stomach discomfort
o A feeling light-headedness, or faint
o A feeling of unreality
o Depersonalization or a feeling of being detached from oneself
o Fear of losing control or going crazy
o Fear of dying
o Numbness, or a tingling sensation
o Chills
o Feeling of impending doom

These are some of the possible anxiety attack symptoms. A normal person may experience one or more of these symptoms from time to time. Having to experience some of these anxiety attack symptoms is considered normal if you have reasonable explanations for them. But if you are experiencing them with no apparent reasons, it can be a sign of a more serious condition.

A person with phobia will usually experience an anxiety attack as a direct result of exposure to the things that trigger the phobia. These anxiety attacks are short- lived and quickly relieved once the trigger is escaped.

Usually an anxiety attack begins with an unusual bodily sensation from the anxiety attack symptoms. A person having an anxiety attack will then react, with fear that the symptoms are indicators of a much more serious threat and in turn reacts with more fear which intensified into a state of intense anxiety and panic. Cases of the possible situations where anxiety attack can occur are: when driving, on an airplane, crowded areas, or during sleep at night. Sometimes anxiety attack occurs in a situation where the person cannot exit easily from a social gathering, or in a meeting, but others may experience an incident of anxiety for no reason while in comfortable place or even in sleep.

Anxiety attack symptoms are more or less the same feelings we might experience if we feel danger is about to happen. They are signs of how we usually react if we are triggered by fear, worry, and concern. But, chill out! Fortunately, anxiety attack is not an illness.

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Article Source: Be Aware Of Anxiety Attack Symptoms

At one point or another, parental stress is inevitable. Even if you think that you are the best parent in the world, mishaps and mistakes are still evident and is well expected. Parenting is like learning, it is a continued process of data analysis and retaining the good as well as the bad.

However, if you think that there is no end to your spanking and nagging like there is no end to your child’s misbehavior, think again. Today, due to the advent of technology, there are gazillions of parenting resources that you can find almost anywhere. These parenting resources can help you in your worst dilemma even to your minutest concerns. There are a lot of types of parenting resources available for every needing parent out there. But the three most common ones are the books/magazines, online resources, and the media.

Books/Magazines
These types of parenting resources are one of the most popular as well as one of the best sellers. These mediums are made by parenting experts and professionals that know more about raising child in an appropriate way. You see, in parenting there are no right or wrong way, but there sure are preferred ones. A lot of parenting books and magazines are sold locally almost anywhere.

Online Resources
Due to the discovery of the internet, the World Wide Web has served to be the best online resource you can ever take advantage of. Resource for almost anything that you can possibly look for and parenting resources are no exceptions. Here you can find articles; e-books (electronic books), blogs, and can even join in parenting forums to go ask for advices.

Media (television and radio)
The media has long been a catalyst of spreading information locally and internationally. It is the best media if you want to be heard. It can be audiovisual or audio such as the Television and the radio. Parenting resources can also be transported this way. There are TV shows and lifestyle programs that aggressively tackle about parenting. You will be overwhelmed by other’s different opinions. The possibilities are endless and it’s up to you to distinguish right from wrong.

There are so many ways to get help when you are facing problems growing your child. There are a lot more parenting resources, even more than what you know of. All you have to do is take a little time finding them. Don’t worry. It is not going to be that hard.

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Article Source: Parenting Resources To Help You In Your Parenting Career

Today’s families are bombarded with colossal stresses associated with the complexities of today’s lifestyle. There is this stagnant economy that habitually demands for parents to have two to three jobs, leaving little or no time for effective parenting.

Along with the fact that today’s economy requires people to acquire multiple jobs, is the stress of family issues. There is this job insecurity amongst couple which sometimes fuels the eventual discontinuity of the marriage. Unemployment is also another thing that adds up to the pressures of today’s society and parenting combined. And finally, there is a rise in the number of single parents all across the globe, most of them are unmarried, some even teenagers which can add enormous burdens to both the parent and the children.

As the complexities in our life increase, changes have also took place, not only in the prices of goods but also in out profound knowledge and perception of life, including raising a family as well as child development. Parenting education is one way of knowing, the rest are based on parental instincts. However, there are some situations that are as inevitable as much as it is an expected outcome. One very unfortunate but common situation is that of single mothers. It is said that single parents are more vulnerable to physically abusing their children. There are also issues regarding newborns that have low birth weights and are born in poorer regions are said to have developmental barriers, and that poverty will have a strong correlation to the behavior and cognitive development of a child.

All of these well-researched facts are already on board, it up to you to get enough parenting education to suffer otherwise. Parenting education is as important as financing the education for you kids. Just like everything else in this world. Parenting is also a process of gradual learning. Although instincts are primarily present, it is not always right as everything else in parenting is not about always making the right decisions.

Getting help through parenting education does not always necessarily translate that you are raising your child the wrong way. It is even emphasizing the fact that you are willing to better yourself in order to function for your children well. Parenting education does not entirely require you to change the way you raise your children. It will only serve as guidelines and can somehow help you distinguish things you are doing inappropriately.

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Article Source: Parenting Education: Your Basic Guide In Your Parental Development

A family is supposedly composed of a loving mother, a hardworking father, and happy children. Well, at least this is the idea behind having a family. Although expected to be, families aren’t always that ideal. However, its imperfection and flaws that make them unique and one of a kind. In the real world, families come in all its different forms, some are a little bit odd while others are fairly simple. But whatever they are comprised of and what ever they will be in the near future, they are still our own little family.

One unique type of family is foster parenting. Foster parenting provides temporary habitation, home, and care for children in crisis. It is part of the children’s treatment, care, and support programs. However, if you think the foster parenting is only a mere unreceptive act of opening your abodes, providing comfortable clothing, and giving the children nourishing food, you are absolutely wrong. For some couples, it is even the closest thing and a supposed first step towards adoption.

Instead, foster parenting is a proactive testimonial of advocacy, nurturing, and love for these children. It may be ideal for couples to be foster parents; however this is not for everyone. If you think that foster parenting is just as easy as 1, 2, 3, you are absolutely wrong. There are certain requirements that need to be accounted for and each requirement varies by jurisdiction. It may be surrounded by principles such as monetary reimbursements or benefits to be given out to the foster family. The primary goal of foster care is to provide support for the children while the reunification with their parents, other family members, or any appropriate permanent living setting is still facilitated. This includes guardianship, placement with relatives, or to an adoptive home.

Children who are brought for foster parenting are the ones that were removed from their birth family due to reasons of abandonment, neglect, abuse, and other matters that endangers their lives and health. Most of these children are filled with confusion, anger, and fear for having been taken away from their only home. Some of them have physical, emotional, developmental, and behavioral problems making it more complicated for foster parents to take care of them.

Nevertheless, they all need supportive and safe environment to go through life and foster parenting is their closest thing to home for the mean time. The children have all the right in the world to live happy and safely away from threat which they unfortunately once called home.

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Article Source: Foster Parenting: Let A Child Experience A Safer Environment

"There has been a "drug culture" since the dawn of civilization. Sumerian cuneiform tablets from 3000 BC show a poppy harvest, as do ancient Egyptian scripts and Greek statues adorned with poppy crowns. Far more recently, Freud sung the praises of cocaine, which was included in the original recipe for Coca-Cola. But since the industrial revolution, drug use has changed dramatically, and society’s response to this–particularly in America–has been to demonize users and make drugs illegal.

Hooked explores the world of illegal drugs, meeting with pharmacologists and scientists to learn exactly what effect they have on us and exploring the social and legislative changes that have transformed (and, some would argue, created) the drug culture of the 20th century. Outspoken advocates on both sides of the "war on drugs" illuminate this polarizing issue, and fascinating accounts and artifacts illustrate the role of drugs throughout history."

"Illegal Drugs & How They Got That Way: Heroin" (Part 1/3)

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"Illegal Drugs & How They Got That Way: Heroin" (Part 2/3)

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"Illegal Drugs & How They Got That Way: Heroin" (Part 3/3)

"There has been a "drug culture" since the dawn of civilization. Sumerian cuneiform tablets from 3000 BC show a poppy harvest, as do ancient Egyptian scripts and Greek statues adorned with poppy crowns. Far more recently, Freud sung the praises of cocaine, which was included in the original recipe for Coca-Cola. But since the industrial revolution, drug use has changed dramatically, and society’s response to this–particularly in America–has been to demonize users and make drugs illegal.

Hooked explores the world of illegal drugs, meeting with pharmacologists and scientists to learn exactly what effect they have on us and exploring the social and legislative changes that have transformed (and, some would argue, created) the drug culture of the 20th century. Outspoken advocates on both sides of the "war on drugs" illuminate this polarizing issue, and fascinating accounts and artifacts illustrate the role of drugs throughout history."

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Why Adolescent Treatment is Different from Adult Treatment
by Thomas J. Crowley, M.D and Elizabeth Whitmore, Ph.D.

Adolescent drug users differ from adults in many ways. Their drug and alcohol use often has different causes, and they have even more trouble seeing the consequences of their use for the future.

In treatment, adolescents must be approached differently from adults because of their unique developmental and psychiatric issues, differences in their values and belief systems, and environmental considerations (e.g., strong peer influences).

Adolescents generally have smaller body sizes, a lower tolerance for substances, and they do not have a fully-developed brain, putting them at greater risk for using drugs and at greater risk for physical and other consequences related to their use. The use of substances may also negatively effect their mental and emotional development because substance use interferes with how people learn to handle situations and experiences. Adolescents are also always part of a larger family unit, so family involvement plays a critical role in an adolescent’s treatment and recovery.

Finally, as compared to adults, very few adolescents attend treatment because they recognize they have a problem and are voluntarily seeking help. They are much more likely to be coerced by their parents, their schools and/or the court or social services system to enter treatment. While treatment does not need to be voluntary to be effective, special consideration needs to be given to these issues as part of the adolescent’s treatment. Although relatively few treatment programs are designed specifically for adolescents, these important differences demonstrate that adolescent treatment needs to be specifically tailored to the unique needs of adolescents and not just based on adult models of treatment.

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Ten Questions to Ask a Treatment Provider/Program:

1. What types of treatment do you have? Have their been any research studies of this type of treatment?

2. What evidence do you have that your program is effective?

3. How do you specifically address the needs of adolescents?

4. Can you assess and treat my child’s mental health problems at the same time as his/her substance problem?

5. How is the family involved in the treatment process?

6. How long will this treatment last?

7. What things do you do to help adolescents engage and stay in treatment?

8. Do you have aftercare or a continuing care program for when this treatment ends?

9. What happens if my child is not successful here? What other options do we have?

10. How much does this cost and how much will I have to pay? Are there any state, county, or grant funds to help pay for this treatment?

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